ESJH Chemistry - Med 101

Bonding Study Guide
Answer Section

1. A

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. B

6. C

7. A

8. C

9. C

10. C

11. B

12. A

13. D

14. A

15. C

16. B

17. A

18. C

19. A

20. C

21. D

22. B

23. B

24. D

25. D

26. B

27. C

28. A

29. C

30. B

31. B

32. A

33. C

34. B

35. C

SHORT ANSWER

36. Atoms form chemical bonds to establish a more-stable arrangement. As independent particles, they are at high potential energy. By bonding, they decrease their potential energy, thus becoming more stable.

37. Atoms in a molecular compound share electrons to achieve stability. Atoms in an ionic compound gain or lose electrons to form ions.

38. ionic

39. covalent

ESSAY
43. 1. Determine the type and number of atoms in the molecule.

2. Write the electron-dot notation for each type of atom in the molecule.

3. Determine the total number of valence electrons in the atoms to be combined.

4. Arrange the atoms to form a skeleton structure for the molecule. If carbon is present, it is the central atom. If not, the least-electronegative atom is central.

5. Add unshared pairs of electrons so that each hydrogen atom shares a pair of electrons and each other nonmetal is surrounded by eight electrons.

6. Count the electrons in the structure to check that the number of valence electrons used equals the number available.

44. The state of matter at room temperature can be used to classify most ionic and covalent compounds. Most covalent compounds are liquids or gases at room temperature. Most ionic compounds are crystalline solids with high melting points.