Thursday, March 30, 2006
Answer Section
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. C
11. B
12. A
13. D
14. A
15. C
16. B
17. A
18. C
19. A
20. C
21. D
22. B
23. B
24. D
25. D
26. B
27. C
28. A
29. C
30. B
31. B
32. A
33. C
34. B
35. C
SHORT ANSWER
36. Atoms form chemical bonds to establish a more-stable arrangement. As independent particles, they are at high potential energy. By bonding, they decrease their potential energy, thus becoming more stable.
37. Atoms in a molecular compound share electrons to achieve stability. Atoms in an ionic compound gain or lose electrons to form ions.
38. ionic
39. covalent
ESSAY
43. 1. Determine the type and number of atoms in the molecule.
2. Write the electron-dot notation for each type of atom in the molecule.
3. Determine the total number of valence electrons in the atoms to be combined.
4. Arrange the atoms to form a skeleton structure for the molecule. If carbon is present, it is the central atom. If not, the least-electronegative atom is central.
5. Add unshared pairs of electrons so that each hydrogen atom shares a pair of electrons and each other nonmetal is surrounded by eight electrons.
6. Count the electrons in the structure to check that the number of valence electrons used equals the number available.
44. The state of matter at room temperature can be used to classify most ionic and covalent compounds. Most covalent compounds are liquids or gases at room temperature. Most ionic compounds are crystalline solids with high melting points.
Wednesday, March 29, 2006
A Bonding Webquest: 40 points
Introduction: Bonding is a relationship between atoms in chemical compounds. Your goal in this webquest is to adequately describe an IONIC, METALLIC, NONPOLAR COVALENT and POLAR COVALENT BONDS. You will describe each in the terms of an analogous relationship from Great Literature, while also providing illustrations of each bonding type.
The Task: You must open up a word document. Title it as your last name and first name (for example: Gibney John) and save it to the G:Drive “06 Gibney Chemistry.” Your project will be four pages long. One page on Ionic, one on Metallic, one on Non-Polar Covalent, and one on Polar Covalent. Each page should have the following:
Title for the Page
A Picture of the Bond
Description of the bond: including at least the following - the type of atoms involved, necessary values of electronegativity, relative strength, and examples.
Literature Analogy: tTink back to all those great literature courses you have had over the years. Using characters from those, describe the bonding type in terms of the characters of a play, novel, or short story.
Resources:
Chemical Bonding
Explore the different kinds of chemical bonding through text and simulation, with additional links for further exploration.
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=55&l=&c3=
Metallic Bonding
Find a brief description of metallic bonding
http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~paulmont/CE60/atomic%20bonds/
Covalent Bonding
How does electron sharing bond atoms? What are valence electrons? What is polarity? Are there similarities between covalent and ionic bonds? This site answers these questions and many more.
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch8/valenceframe.html
Atomic Structure and Bonding
Understanding the making and breaking of chemical bonds is essential to studying a chemical reaction. A good introduction to basic bonding.
http://library.thinkquest.org/3659/structures/
Compounds
Solid information on bonds and the compounds they form.
http://www.chemtutor.com/compoun.htm
Monday, March 27, 2006
Thursday, March 09, 2006
Midterm Study Guide Practice Problems
Answer Section
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. C
12. C
13. B
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. D
18. C
19. D
20. B
21. A
22. D
23. B
24. B
25. D
26. D
27. C
28. D
29. D
30. B
31. C
32. C
33. A
34. A
35. B
36. B
37. D
38. C
39. C
40. B
41. C
42. A
43. A
44. C
45. C
46. B
47. A
48. C
49. B
50. B
51. B
52. D
53. B
54. C
55. A
56. B
57. B
58. C
59. C
60. C
61. C
62. C
63. A
64. B
65. B
66. A
67. C
68. A
69. A
70. C
71. B
72. C
73. B
74. B
75. B
76. C
77. D
78. D
79. C
80. D
81. A
82. C
83. C
84. D
85. A
86. A
87. C
88. A
89. B
90. A
91. B
92. A
93. D
94. A
95. A
96. B
97. A
98. A
99. B
100. D
101. C
102. C
103. C
104. A
105. B
106. A
107. C
108. D
109. C
110. A
111. B
112. B
113. A
114. D
115. C
116. B
117. D
118. A
119. C
120. A
121. C
122. C
123. C
124. C
125. C
126. B
127. C
128. B
129. B
130. D
131. B
132. D
133. C
134. D
135. D
136. C
137. C
138. B
139. D
140. D
141. B
142. D
143. C
144. D
145. B
146. C
147. D
148. A
149. B
150. C
151. C
152. D
153. B
154. D
155. C
156. A
157. C
COMPLETION
158. reactants
159. products
160. element
161. coefficient
162. liquid
163. produces
forms
164. aqueous
a solid dissolved in water
165. gas
167. In the periodic table, elements in the same column have similar properties. Because helium and xenon are located in the same group, their properties are similar.
168. In qualitative observations, the data are descriptive and non-numerical. In quantitative observations, the data are numerical.
169. Mass is the amount of matter in something. Weight depends on Earth's gravitational attraction on the object.
170. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and therefore different mass numbers.
171. A mole is a collection of atoms that is large enough to measure in the laboratory. A single atom is too small.
172. Alpha particles are helium nuclei that are emitted from heavy elements. Beta particles are high-energy electrons emitted from nuclei when neutrons become protons. Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves.
173. Fusion is the energy source of the sun.
174. Ca, calcium, solid; H2O, water, liquid; Ca(OH)2, calcium hydroxide, aqueous solution; H2, hydrogen, gas
4.82 ´ 1024 atoms Cl
176. 
1.99 mol Pt
177. 
80.0 g O
178. 
799 g Br
179. 
2.50 mol He
180. 
352 g K
181. The arrangement of the particles in the three states account for their different properties. Particles in a solid move very little; particles in a liquid move more; and gas particles move the most. In the drawn models, particles in solids should appear closely packed and structured; particles in liquids should appear able to flow randomly past one another; and particles in gases should appear sparsely and randomly spaced.
Tuesday, March 07, 2006
Computer Lab Assignment 3/8/06
First Period Computer Lab Assignment
Third Period Computer Lab Assignment
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Click on the following links for research:
Quantum Numbers conversation style
How Atoms Work (scroll down for Quantum numbers and electron configs)
You may also use Google and other search engines
Sunday, March 05, 2006
